15DecDecember 15, 2025

Smart Farming : ESP32 with Soil Moisture Sensor

How Soil Moisture Sensor Works and Interface it with Esp32When you hear the term “smart garden,” one of the first things that might come to mind is a setup that automatically keeps your plants healthy—measuring how dry the soil is and watering plants only when they need it. No more guessing, no more soggy roots, and no more thirsty plants!With the help of a simple Soil Moisture Sensor, you can build a system that knows exactly when your garden needs...

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15DecDecember 15, 2025

Control in Your Hands: ESP32 with 2-Axis Joystick

🔧 What is an Analog Joystick?An analog joystick typically has:2 potentiometers (one for X-axis, one for Y-axis)1 push button (built-in, press down on the joystick)📤 Joystick Outputs:X-axis → Analog voltage (0V to Vcc) depending on horizontal tilt.Y-axis → Analog voltage depending on vertical tilt.SW (Switch) → Digital LOW when pressed, HIGH when idle (pull-up resistor inside).🧰 Components Required:ESP32 (DevKit v1 or any compatible board)Analog Joystick Module (usually with 5 pins)Jumper wiresBreadboard (optional)USB cable to program ESP32⚙️ Pinout of Joystick:Joystick PinFunctionConnect to ESP32GNDGroundGND+5V / VCCPower Supply3.3V...

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15DecDecember 15, 2025

Smart Control: Stepper Motor with ESP32

🔍 What is the 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor?The 28BYJ-48 is a 5V unipolar stepper motor with a built-in reduction gearbox. This makes it ideal for applications requiring precise control at low speed.🧾 SpecificationsSpecificationValueMotor TypeUnipolar StepperRated Voltage5V DCNumber of Phases4Coil Resistance~50Ω per coilStep Angle (before gearbox)11.25°Gear Reduction Ratio~64:1 (actually ~63.68395:1)Steps Per Revolution (output shaft)2048 stepsHolding Torque~300 gf·cmWires5Max Current~240mA (safe at ~100–200mA)🔁 How Does It Work?The motor has 4 coils and a common wire (VCC).Coils are energized in a sequence to rotate the internal rotor.The gearbox slows down output but increases torque and precision.⚙️ Full Output Shaft...

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15DecDecember 15, 2025

ESP32 with APDS-9960 Gesture Sensor

The APDS-9960 is an advanced, compact sensor from Broadcom (formerly Avago Technologies) that offers multiple sensing capabilities in one chip. It is widely used in gesture recognition, proximity sensing, ambient light detection, and color sensing, making it highly useful for smart devices and human-machine interfaces (HMIs).🔍 Key Features of APDS-9960FeatureDescriptionGesture DetectionRecognizes hand gestures (up, down, left, right, near, far).Proximity SensingDetects how close an object is to the sensor (up to ~10 cm).Ambient Light SensingMeasures surrounding light intensity (lux value).Color SensingDetects Red, Green, Blue, and Clear...

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15DecDecember 15, 2025

Button with ESP32

🧠 What is a Push Button?A push button is a simple mechanical switch that connects two points in a circuit when pressed.Normally Open (NO): Most common type — the circuit is open (OFF) when the button is not pressed.When pressed: The circuit closes, allowing current to flow.🧾 Components NeededESP32 boardPush button10kΩ resistor (for pull-down, optional if using internal pull-up)Jumper wiresBreadboard🔌 Wiring Push Button to ESP32Option 1: Using Internal Pull-Up (Recommended)Button PinESP32One legGNDOther legGPIO 14 (or any digital pin)No resistor needed — we'll use the internal pull-up.🧠 Working Logic (with...

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